Secondary Facial Gender Surgery: Causes of Poor Outcomes and Strategies for Avoidance and Correction.

SUMMARY: Facial feminization surgery covers a broad spectrum of procedures across both hard and soft tissues. Despite the fact that this is a decidedly predictable surgery, because of the high demand for the procedures, a growing number of patients are requiring revision surgery, whether to correct unexpected results or to treat mid-term to long-term functional and aesthetic complications. This Special Topic article categorizes unsatisfactory outcomes encountered after forehead surgery, lower jaw surgery, and thyroid chondroplasty; key steps to avoid these pitfalls; and strategies for structured analysis and operative planning in revision cases.

Osteonecrosis maxilar asociada a denosumab. Análisis de 9 casos / Maxillar osteonecrosis related to denosumab. Evaluation of nine cases

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Evaluación de un paciente con trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular en la enfermedad ósea de Paget / Evaluation of a patient with temporomandibular joint disorders in Paget's disease of bone

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Massive Bilateral Neck Abscess and Acute Mediastinitis Following Dental Implant Surgery.

Dental implantology is the most popular choice for the treatment of partial or total edentulism. However, in spite of its apparent simplicity, it represents a procedure that requires adequate surgical knowledge and remarkable technical skills. There are a number of potential complications related to dental implant surgery and some of these can be particularly dangerous. The most common and early complications of implant surgery are infection, implant migration, and implant rupture, and the patient could even swallow drills and other surgical instruments. Hence, it is important to implement special safety and sterility measures. The main aim of the present report is to present a case of massive bilateral cervical abscess and mediastinitis related to dental implant surgery. To our knowledge, there are only 2 cases in the literature that describe this type of complication in the field of oral implantol.

Osteonecrosis maxilar asociada a tratamiento con denosumab en una paciente con mastocitosis sistémica / Maxillar osteonecrosis associated to denosumab in a patient with systemic mastocytosis

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Nodular Tenosynovitis of the Temporomandibular Joint: An Entity Not Yet Described.

Nodular tenosynovitis usually affects the hands and it represents a benign pathology with locally aggressive behavior. Its etiology could be related to chronic inflammatory processes such as trauma, metabolic disturbance, and joint diseases. Histopathological analysis is required for a diagnosis of certainty and surgery represents the treatment of choice. There are no cases in the literature that describe a nodular tenosynovitis affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) The main aim of the present report therefore, is to describe this unusual case and to show the utility of arthroscopic procedures in managing intra-articular tumors of the TMJ.

Endovascular treatment of an intraosseous arteriovenous malformation of the mandible in a child. A case Report.

The modern application of interventional radiology techniques is revolutionizing the treatment of the vascular malformations of the head and neck. In fact, the morbidity related with the surgical extirpation of the malformation might be drastically reduced with the use of an endovascular approach. The present report describes the case of a 11 years old male affected by a large intraosseous arteriovenous malformation of the mandible. The coil embolization of the main drainage vein caused the spontaneous regression of the lesion and avoided a mutilating surgery and severe psychological sequels. A multidisciplinary approach of these case is mandatory. A careful clinical and radiological study of the patient is essential for a proper management. The choice of the treatment should be based on the location and extension of the malformation, age of the patient, experience with endovascular techniques and clinic. Key words:Endovacualr approach, intraosseous arteriovenous malformation, head and neck, child.

Oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in young adults: A retrospective study in Granada University Hospital

Background: This study aims to evaluate and analyze the clinical features and outcomes of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients < 45-years old in our center. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the records of patients diagnosed with oral and oropharyngeal SCC between 1998 and 2011 in the University Hospital of Granada (Spain). The analysis identified 33 patients with oral and oropharyngeal SCC with an age of 45 years were randomly selected from the same database. A retrospective analysis was conducted to determine specific features including sites of occurrence, risk factors, sex distribution, socio-economic status, T stage at diagnosis, nodal involvement, degree of tumor differentiation, locoregional failure and overall survival at 5 years was. Further, the results of both groups were compared. Results: The male-female ratio was 1.2:1 in the group of young adults and 2.03:1 in the group of patients with an age of >45 years. No significant differences were found in terms of site, nodal involvement, locoregional failure, and overall survival. However, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of features such as risk factors, socio-economic status, T stage at diagnosis, and degree of tumor differentiation. The overall 5-year survival rate was 62% for patients >45 years old, whilst for the group of young adults this rate was 48.4% (p= 0.17). Conclusions: The poor association between the common risk factors and oral and oropharyngeal cancers in young adults suggests that other pathogenic mechanisms should be investigated. For young patients, the data show evidence of poorer outcomes in terms of overall survival (p=0.17), and locoregional failure (p=0.23). Nevertheless, the literature shows that the results in this field are particularly inconsistent, and further research is therefore needed to provide more in-depth knowledge of the disease in this age group (AU)

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Juxtacortical Mandibular Chondrosarcoma during pregnancy: A case report.

Chondrosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors in adults. It use to affect upper arm, pelvis and thigh bone. A wide surgical extirpation represent the gold standard to treat this disorder. In fact, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are no useful. Interestingly, chondrosarcoma is rare in head and neck (HNCS) and extremely uncommon during pregnancy. Thus, there is a lack of evidence about the proper treatment in these cases. A wide surgical extirpation is also considered the most effective procedure in HNCS. There are no consistent evidences about the he role of radiation and chemotherapy. In view of that, the present study describes a case of juxtacortical mandibular chondrosarcoma affecting a 28-year-old pregnant woman. After a multidisciplinary analysis of the case, we decided to treat the patient with a wide surgical resection and and immediately reconstruction. Key words:Mandibular chondrosarcoma, pregnancy, surgical extirpation, radiotherapy, chemoteraphy.